Sustainable Tourism

Task 1 Understand The Rationale For Planning In The Tourism Industry

1.1 Various stakeholders and the gained benefits from planning of tourism development

There are various stakeholder which determines the overall operations of the industry. As the tourism is very vast and growing industry they are the key essential elements which determine the overall functioning of the industry (Dickinson, Lumsdon and Robbins, 2011). The various stakeholder who are associated in order to develop the Chumbe islands are discussed below:

Government of Zanzibar: They are the bodies which are associated with the overall functioning in order to properly plan the development aspects in order to rationalize the various aspects which are associated with it. They have gained benefits by creating the awareness with the help of the various establishment of the various proposal to conserve the Chumbe Island. As they are influenced with the preservation of the resources in an effective manner.

Political bodies: These are the bodies which consider all the activities and ensure that the various operations are carried out in an effective manner. It has gained benefit as various ministry has involved in the development of the Chumbe Island which provide the various resources for the development and creating awareness (Groote, 2005).

Chumbe Island Coral Park Ltd: They are the private bodies which plan its functioning in such a manner to look after the various operations related to the maintainable of the Chumbe Island. They are benefited by the development in the tourism industry as they will be able to generate more revenue from the various operations and will effectively preserve them. They try to aware the public by conducting the public education program in order to generate more awareness among the children and educating them.

Tourist: They are the personnel which provide the revenue for the functioning of the industry. They have gained benefits as they are provided with the various facilities at the Chumbe Island as the major influence related to the development is to provide them a better experience (Dredge and Jamal, 2013).

Local residents: They are the essential stakeholder as they provide the best resources and also preserve them for the future perspective. They are benefited with the development as the local resources are being used in order to maintain the various operations in the Chumbe Island. They were also educated with the perspective to understand the importance of the conservation so that the areas of the Chumbe Island are protected in a proper manner.

1.2 Advantages and the disadvantages of the public/private partnership in tourism planning

There are certain advantages and disadvantages which have greater influence on the planning for development of the tourism industry in order to generate the maximum revenue and carry out the various operations which have the greater impact on the economy. Various advantages and disadvantages of public/private sector tourism planning partnership are discussed below:

• As the government are involved in the development of the Chumbe Island it will result in effective development of the tourist destination.
• The political bodies will provide the efficient resources in order to carry out the various operations as it help in providing the various facilities and the services related to the visitors and the tourist as per their requirement (Edgell Sr, 2013).
• The tourist get attracted towards the Chumbe Island as they are provided with better accommodation and the various other facilities which ensure tourist to have the quality stay.
• With the help of the local residents at the Chumbe Island they maintain the cultural and the heritage which creates a positive impact in the mind of the people who visit the destination.
• The CICP is able to measure the performance of the various operations which are being carried out and creates the value for the investments in order to generate money for the other operations (Hall and Williams, 2013).

The various disadvantages of public/private sector tourism planning partnership are discussed below:

• In order to maintain the Chumbe Island huge transactions cost is incurred in order to maintain the overall operations and the various activities which are carried out there.
• As the government of Zanzibar are involved in the functioning of the Chumbe Island they creates the overlapping of the rules and regulations related to the various operations.
• Chumbe Island operations are influenced by the involvement of the local bodies as they implement the various rules and regulations which are not implemented in the tourism industry (Middleton and Clarke, 2012).
• The private bodies are more concerned with the revenue generation rather than the quality of the experience to the tourist and the visitors.
• The local residents are raising the various issues related to the cultural dimensions and the various other issues related to the development of the Chumbe Island.

Task 2 Understand Different Approaches To Tourism Planning And Development

2.1 Features of Sustainable tourism development planning at different levels

The tourism development planning is done in such a way that it effective carry out the various operations which are related to the overall functioning of the Chumbe Island. There are different levels which are involved in order to properly plan the development of the Chumbe Island in order to make it more attractive and beautiful to generate maximum revenue out of it. The levels are discussed below:

International Level: The tourism development plan was designed in order to attract more tourist to the Chumbe Island in order to perform the various operations at the bigger platform so that the tourist feels happy in visiting the Chumbe Island which have been developed in order to increases the tourist. With the proper adaptation of the various marketing strategies they can involve the complementary development of the various facilities which they provide at the Chumbe Island.

National Level: At the national level the planning for the tourism development of Chumbe Island is necessary to manage the overall aspects which mainly emphasize on providing the better standards of the services to the tourists. They formulates the policies keeping in mind the cultural dimensions of Chumbe Island in order to ensure that the tourist are provides with the services as per their requirement (Kozak and Kozak, 2008).

Regional Level: They try to coordinate the various aspects which are related to the various operations of Chumbe Island. They ensure to provide the effective accommodation and various other facilities to provide the effective development and also provide the education related to the importance of the conservation of the Chumbe Island. They adopt the short term policy in order to develop it as the most attractive destination of the various tourists.

Local Level: They plan the development at the local level as they ensure to provide the necessary resources which are essential to provide the proper necessities to the tourists by making them available with the resources such as hotel accommodations, transportation and the other facilities which also help them to generate revenue for the various operations (Stakeholders, 2015).

2.2 Significance of interactive planning system &  processes in sustainable tourism development

Interactive planning is the system which is based on the various aspects which are related to the various activities which involves the proper planning for the development of the tourism industry. The main purpose is to create the future of the Chumbe Island in order to carry out the present functions with the development of the park by creating the awareness in the minds of the tourist (Chumbe Island, Tanzania, Coral Park, 2014). It is based on the beliefs and the various other attributes which they adopt in order to get more and more in the future by assuring the present performance. The major significance of the interactive planning system are mentioned below;

It is the system which is implemented in the Chumbe Island project in order to improve the future aspects by performing the various activities in the present in order to develop the place so that the tourist are attracted towards it and the high revenues are being generated out of it.

It is the continuous process which is carried out in order to make the people aware about the various resources and the various facilities which is provide to them in order to conserve them for the future. They make the people aware of the various aspects in order to ensure that the local residents and the tourist are aware of the various species which are available at the Chumbe Island.

Various stakeholders are involved into it in order to make the tourist aware of the various aspects such as revenue generation, conservation in order to make Chumbe island the most attractive tourist destination for the tourists (SITTS, 2009).

Interactive planning is the most important and the effective tool which is essential to conserve the endangered species of the fishes and also the other different species. It is associated with the national level in order to generate the revenues and increase the contribution to the economy of the nation. With the adoption of this system they are emphasizes on the present improvement of the various aspects in order to meet the future perspective by attracting more tourist.

The need for the interactive planning process in the sustainable tourism industry is very essential as the process determine the various perspectives of the Chumbe Island.

• This process is needed in order to segment the various groups into the smaller groups so that the concentration is being focused and the purpose of the conservation is attained in an effective manner.
• This process helps us to properly identify the needs and the requirement of the tourist in order to ensure that the development of best services and the products in order to meet the requirement of the tourists (Interactive planning, 2015).
• This process also ensure to provide the proper safety and the better security to the tourist who are visiting the Chumbe Island. They ensure to provide the best facilities in order to make the stay of the tourist very effective.

2.3 Different methods to measure the tourist impact

There are different methods which are available to measure the tourist impact on the tourism of the Chumbe Island. These methods ensure that the development of the tourism is planned in an effective way and they can be accomplished in a proper manner. The various methods are discussed below;

Pro Poor Tourism: This is the strategic tool which is being adopted by the people of the tourism industry at the Chumbe Island in  order to alleviate the poverty by implementing this method as this methods help to reduce the poverty (Hall and Gossling, 2012). They identify the various strategic aspects so that the benefits are generated directly with the implementation of the Pro Poor tourism. This provide benefits to the poor people. This approach aims at tapping the various opportunities which are available in the tourism industry. It can be evaluated in order to measure effectiveness as it is the support system for the local people as they generate maximum profits out of it. This lead to the effective management of the various activities which are carried in order to increase the attraction of the tourist towards the Chumbe Island. This critically evaluates to measure expansion in the various activities which expands the opportunities for the poor as by generating employment for them (Jackson, 2008). This approach also evaluates the proper policies and the procedure in order to adapt the framework which promotes the participation of the local people in order to generate income by performing various functions and meet the important element for sustainability.

Cambridge Economic model: This model helps to figure out the continues and the effective analysis of the various perspective in order to evaluate the various perspective which ensure to maintain the proper values and the beliefs which are related to the various dimensions of the tourism industry. This model can be evaluated with the help of the various tools and techniques which provide the successful implementation of the business by meeting the new opportunities and enhance the business of the local people (Cortez, 2010). This also attract the new investment towards the development of the Chumbe Island. This can be evaluated with the number of the visitor encouraging the tourism at the Chumbe Island.

Environmental Impact Studies: This approach is being adopted in order to create the people of the Chumbe Island aware about the various activities which are planned in order to increase the tourism at the industry. It is being evaluated in order to measure the effect of the various activities which are being undertaken in order to implement the conservation project at the Chumbe Island. They measure and critically evaluates the future risk and the ecological imbalance in order to avoid the damages which are caused due to the nature.

TASK 3

3.1 Concept of sustainability in tourism development for the Chumbe Island

In general sustainable tourism refers to the use of procedures and methods that focuses on minimizing the negative impact of activities on environment and local culture. Moreover, sustainable tourism encourages the development of local society and culture so that better economic position can achieved (Ashworth and Page, 2011). Furthermore, sustainable development is the method which guides and manage the forecasting in all the forms of tourism such as destination, mass tourism etc. The main purpose of sustainable development is to enhance different field such as: environment, wildlife, economic, social and cultural along with this it also helps in maintaining ecological balances.

According to Brundtland Commission, sustainable tourism development can be defined as the kind of development that focuses on meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to their own expectations. While on the other hand, as per the Tourism Council (WTTC), sustainable tourism development is defined as the approach of meeting the needs of present tourist, host regions, while protecting and enhancing opportunity for the future (Gilbert, 2008).

Principles of sustainable tourism development:

There are several principle that the government of destination has to consider in order to enhance the environment, social and cultural so that people or visitors can be enjoy the place and revisit for better revenue generation.

• It will help in maintaining the ecological balance by making proper utilisation of the available resources which indeed is the most crucial elements in protecting the cultural heritage and biodiversity (Dodds and Graci, 2012).
• Tourism should maintain the level of respect in terms of social-cultural authenticity. Furthermore, it is important for the Chumbe Island Coral Park Ltd (CICP) to protect the cultural heritage and traditional values.
• Further, it ensures in making the tourism green and establish the environment management system.
• Decreases the waste and promotes the cleanliness.
• Enhance culture awareness so that visitors can indulge within the local environment.

In regards to the given case study, triple bottom line method sustainability is applied tin order to enhance the level of ecotourism within Chumbe, Tanzania. Through the help of this approach, Chumbe Island Coral Park Ltd (CICP) can easily develop the strategy for sustainable tourism as well as in regard to corporate social responsibility (Cooper, 2007). Furthermore, by the means of this strategy Coral Park Ltd can achieve its objective of creating a reef sanctuary and forest preserve so that it can become one of the last undisturbed coral rag forests around the globe.

3.2 Factors that may hinder the development of sustainable tourism in Chumbe Island

Considering the present case study, Chumbe Island is a fruitful self-sustaining marine park and forest reserve coast of East Africa. However, there are several factors that are acting as a hindrance for the development of sustainable tourism such as: overfishing, overharvesting and degrading of ecosystems are the factors contributing to the decline of marine area ecosystem.

In context to overfishing, the local residents believed that corals were just rocks and so fisherman overfished and practiced destructive fishing approaches or methods which at the end leads to decimating the coral reefs. In this regard, Chumbe Island Coral Park Ltd (CICP) has started educating not just the fishermen as well as the school children and communities about the significance of conservation so that they can ensure the local areas to be protected for long period. In order to overcome this hindrance, Chumbe Island Coral Park Ltd (CICP) enhances the level of awareness of conserving the local naturals as well as the importance of coral reefs to the general public.

In context to overharvesting, the poor record of Zanzibar’s government in monitoring and minimizing the environmental impacts. However, people of Chumbe Island knows the fact that fish is the source of protein and livelihood and which relies on the coral reef as habitat. Lack of knowledge regarding securing the local resources has led to overexploitation of natural resources. Thus, it is considered as one of the major hindrance for the development of sustainable tourism. Other than this, increasing demand from tourist hotels and restaurants have also generated several problems for the Chumbe Island Coral Park Ltd (CICP) (Hall and et. al, 2012). For instance, tourist directly damages the coral reefs either by touching, breaking or stepping on them. Constantly declining fisheries put the livelihoods of estimated 23000 full time Zanzibar fishermen in danger.

3.3 Analyze of different stages involved in planning for sustainability

There are different stages in making the sustainability development planning in the tourism sector of Chumbe Island Coral Park.

Assemble the planning team: Local government plays a vital role in sustaining the planning of development of the tourism. However, according to the given case study, public sector partners of Chumbe Island Coral Park Ltd (CICP) are supporting the growth of sustainable tourism in Zanzibar. As Revolutionary Government of Zanzibar, and the Zanzibar Ministry of Agriculture and the Zanzibar Ministry of Lands and Environment have the direct oversight on the project so that its sustainability can be maintained to a large extent (Pleumarom, 2012).

Envision the program’s future: The main purpose of promoting and educating people regarding ecosystem in Chumbe Island is to secure the natural resources and enhance the sustainable tourism so that local people can generate better revenues and improve their livelihood. However, in this tourist operator play a crucial role as their main focus is to promote sustainable tourism within the destination they operate. Furthermore, these operators plan the tour or package of the tourist or visitors as per the natural resources available so that tourist does not damage them as well as Chumbe Island can generate higher demand for the tourism.

Review the Program Sustainability Assessment Tool: Through the help of sustainability program assessment tool, the authorities associated with the project of Chumbe Island Coral Park Ltd (CICP) should review the project so that current sustainability capacity of the program can be evaluated (Cortez, 2010). By the means of this program, Government of Zanzibar can easily understand the factors that influences the capacity of sustainability. Further, assess the capacity and make the review so that required potential measures can be employed to ensure sustainability of Chumbe Island Coral Park.

Prioritize the areas for sustainability: After carrying out the review it will be easy for the public and private stakeholders associated with the sustainable tourism of Chumbe Island to prioritize the areas like, minimizing the overfishing, declining of overharvesting for the betterment of local people as well as enhancing the knowledge of local fishermen as well as growing children’s regarding ecotourism for attaining better results in near future.

Developing action plan: Once the areas of sustainability in Chumbe Island Coral Park Project is identified. The main responsibility for the authorities to develop appropriate action plan so that areas for improvement can be addressed effectively and desired results and outcomes can be achieved (Jackson, 2008).

CONCLUSION

In conclusion to the above report it has been observed that, the main purpose is to create the future of the Chumbe Island in order to carry out the present functions with the development of the park by creating the awareness in the minds of the tourist. It is based on the beliefs and the various other attributes which they adopt in order to get more and more in the future by assuring the present performance. Furthermore, with the proper evaluation of all the aspects it is being considered that the success of the proper development and sustainability of the tourism-related aspect of the Chumbe Island are ascertained to provide the best so that their stay become happy and cosy.

REFERENCES

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• Hall, C. M. and Gossling, S., 2012. Sustainable culinary systems: local foods, innovation, tourism and hospitality. Routledge.

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